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Title

The role of environmental pollution of pesticides in human diabetes

English Abstract

When talking about diabetes risk factors, first of all rich diet, sedentary lifestyle and family history come to mind, but proof on the role of environmental contaminants particularly pesticides in diabetes is rising. Pesticides have been utilized by humans to protect crops since before 2000 BC. Elemental sulfur dusting was the first recognized pesticides until 15th century when heavy metals were introduced. During 17th and 19th centuries, some natural compounds like nicotine, pyrethrum and rotenone were applied to kill pests. It was since 1950 that organic insecticides including organochlorines, organophosphates, carbamates and various herbicides started to be synthesized and used widely so that more than 1,055 active ingredients are registered as pesticides currently. The world pesticide use was approximated around 5.2 billion pounds in 2006 and 2008 that means their usage has increased 50-fold during the past 50 years (Miller, 2002; http://www.epa.gov/opp00001/pestsales/07pestsales/ma). Pesticides are highly settled in today’s world so that, from the public health standpoint, their usage is not an option anymore but a must. Without utilization of pesticides against vectors of diseases and pests, the destructive effects on human and animal health and also economic loss would be huge. Rise of food price, world hunger and loss of jobs are some results of not using pesticides and that’s why the world is greatly benefited from them. Nevertheless, pesticides are major contributors to environmental pollution and their adverse health effects on living systems are too big to close eyes to (Abdollahi et al., 2004). Recent scientific research revealed that exposure to pesticides causes a wide variety of human health problems which among them some metabolic disorders like diabetes recognized as one of the global major public health problems. To date, growing body of data is collected from various animal and human studies that implies on the association of pesticides exposure with diabetes

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