ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ اي ﻣﯿﻮه و ﺳﺒﺰي در ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎري ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس اﻟﮕﻮي ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ 1395

خلاصه فارسی

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن را در ﻣﻌﺮض ﺧﻄﺮ اﺿﺎﻓﻪ وزن ﯾﺎ ﭼﺎﻗﯽ ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ و ﻧﻪ ﺗﻨﻬـﺎ ﺳـﻼﻣﺘﯽ ﺧﻮدﺷـﺎن ﺑﻠﮑﻪ اراﺋﻪ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﺳﻼﻣﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﻤﺎران را ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﮐﻪ اﻟﮕﻮي ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﯾـﮏ ﻣـﺪل ﺟـﺎﻣﻊ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ رﻋﺎﯾﺖ رژﯾﻢ ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ و ﻣﺼﺮف ﻣﯿﻮه و ﺳﺒﺰﯾﺠﺎت اﺳﺖ، ﻟﺬا اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺎﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﺗﻐﯿﯿـﺮ رﻓﺘﺎر و ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪﻫﺎي ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و رﻓﺘﺎري ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺼﺮف ﻣﯿﻮه و ﺳﺒﺰﯾﺠﺎت اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. روش ﮐﺎر: اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻣﻘﻄﻌﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ 300 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎري-ﻣﺎﻣﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﺮاﮐﺰ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺷـﻬﺮ اردﺑﯿـﻞاﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﻣﻨﻈﻢ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. اﺑﺰار ﮔﺮدآوري داده ﻫﺎ ﭘﺮﺳﺸـﻨﺎﻣﻪ اي اﺳـﺖ ﮐـﻪ ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻮاﻻت دﻣﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯿﮏ، ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ رﻓﺘﺎر و ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪﻫﺎي ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﻣﺼﺮف ﻣﯿﻮه و ﺳﺒﺰﯾﺠﺎت ﺑـﻮد. رواﯾـﯽ و ﭘﺎﯾـﺎﯾﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺸـﻨﺎﻣﻪ در 19-SPSS ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻗﺒﻠﯽ ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻮد. داده ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار و ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ، آزﻣﻮن ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ اﺳﭙﯿﺮﻣﻦ، آﻧـﺎﻟﯿﺰ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﯾﮑﻄﺮﻓﻪ و آزﻣﻮن ﭘﺴﺖﻫﺎك ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺳﻦ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن 7/05±31 و میانگین توده بدنی 3/5 ±25/7 می باشد. اﮐﺜﺮ اﻓـﺮاد در ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﻏﯿﺮﻓﻌﺎل(ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﭘﯿﺶ ﺗﻔﮑﺮ، ﺗﻔﮑﺮ، و آﻣﺎدﮔﯽ) ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ رﻓﺘﺎر ﻣﺼﺮف ﻣﯿـﻮه و ﺳـﺒﺰﯾﺠﺎت و ﺗﻨﻬـﺎ 22/7 درصد افراد در ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﻓﻌﺎل(ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﻋﻤﻞ و ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري) ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪﻫﺎي ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪﻫﺎي رﻓﺘﺎري در اﻓﺮاد ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاﺷﺖ ﺑـﻪ ﻃـﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﺑﯿﺶ از اﻓﺮاد ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺗﻔﮑﺮ ﺑﻮد. ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻧﻤﺮه ﻓﺮاﯾﻨـﺪﻫﺎي رﻫـﺎﯾﯽ اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋﯽ، ﺑﺎزارزﺷـﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﺤـﯿﻂ، ﺧﻮدارزﺷـﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﺠﺪد، ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﺤﺮك و ﺷﺮﻃﯽ ﺳﺎزي ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞﺑﻪ ﻃﻮرآﺷﮑﺎري از ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﻏﯿﺮﻓﻌﺎل ﺑـﻪ ﺳـﻤﺖ ﻣﺮاﺣـﻞ ﻓﻌـﺎل روﻧـﺪ ﺻـﻌﻮدي داﺷﺖ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي:ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ از اﻫﻤﯿﺖ و ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬاري ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪﻫﺎي ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ در ﻣﺼﺮف ﻣﯿﻮه و ﺳﺒﺰﯾﺠﺎت در ﺑﯿﻦ ﮐﺎرﮐﻨـﺎن ﭘﺮﺳـﺘﺎري و ﻣﺎﻣﺎﯾﯽ ﺣﮑﺎﯾﺖ داﺷﺖ.اﯾﻦ ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪﻫﺎ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ رﻫﺎﯾﯽ اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋﯽ، ﺧﻮدارزﺷـﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﺠـﺪد و ﺷـﺮﻃﯽ ﺳـﺎزي ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑـﻞ در راﺳـﺘﺎي ﭘﯿﺸﺮوي اﻓﺮاد در ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ رﻓﺘﺎر ﻣﺼﺮف ﻣﯿﻮه و ﺳﺒﺰﯾﺠﺎت ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد در ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰيﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزﺷﯽﺑﺮاي اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﺼﺮف ﻣﯿﻮه و ﺳﺒﺰﯾﺠﺎت، ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪﻫﺎي ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﻣﺪﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪ.

عنوان انگليسی

Cognitive and Behavioral Processes and Its Stages of Change for Fruit and Vegetable Consumption among Nursing and Midwifery Staff of Ardabil Hospitals, 1395: Application of the Trans Theoretical Model

خلاصه انگلیسی

Background & objectives: Inappropriate nutrition places employees at risk of being overweight or obese, and not only affect their health but also indirectly may affect patients. The trans-theoretical model is one of the most common models of health promotion. It is recognized as one of the ways of identifying and changing diet, especially increasing the consumption of fruits and vegetables. In this model, behavioral changes can be seen in stages. Therefore, this study designed to determine the status of cognitive and behavioral processes and its stages of change for fruit and vegetable consumption. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with the participation of 300 nursing and midwifery staffs of Ardabil hospital using systematic random sampling method. Data gathering instrument was a validated questionnaire to collect information on demographic characteristics, stages and the process of change for fruit and vegetables consumption. The data was analyzed by SPSS (ver. 23) to measure central tendency, spearman correlation test, ANOVA, and Post-hoc. Results: Average age and BMI of participants were 31±7.05 and 25.7±3.5 respectively. The majority of subjects (77.3%) were in the early stages of change (pre-contemplation, contemplation, and preparation) for fruit and vegetable consumption while, only 22.7% was in active stages (action and maintenance). The mean scores of cognitive and behavioral processes were at a higher level in the maintenance stage and the lowest in the contemplation. Finally, the mean scores of social liberation, environment re-evaluation, self re-evaluation, stimulus control and counter conditioning processes increased from the inactive stages to the active stages. Conclusion: Findings support the effect of processes of change in fruits and vegetables consumption among nursing and midwifery staffs, so that using behavioral process of change such as stimulus control and self liberation can lead to positive progress in stage of change. We suggest educational programs to increase consumption of fruits and vegetables, particularly considering individuals’ current stages and processes of change. Keywords: Stages of Change Model; Fruit and Vegetables; Processes of Change

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